Ue behavior when the device is attached for emergency service

ABSTRACT

This disclosure is related to a procedure of handling UE ( 100 ) behavior when the UE ( 100 )is attached for emergency services. More specifically this disclosure defines the UE ( 100 ) behavior when the UE ( 100 ) is registered to a PLMN or two different PLMN via 3GPP access network and non-3GPP access network and UE ( 100 ) has is registered for emergency service over one of the 3GPP access network or non-3GPP access network.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/253,160 filed on Dec. 17, 2020, which is a National Stage Entry of international application PCT/JP2019/021667 filed on May 31, 2019, which claims the benefit of priority from Indian Patent Application 201811023556 filed on Jun. 25, 2018, the disclosures of all of which are incorporated in their entirety by reference herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure is related to a User Equipment (UE) behavior when the device is attached for emergency services.

BACKGROUND ART

In the 5GS, a UE supporting 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)access and Non-3GPP access can register to a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) or to two different PLMN via 3GPP access and non-3GPP access at the same time. When the UE is registered to a PLMN or equivalent PLMN over 3GPP access network (e.g. Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN), g Node B (gNB) and non-3GPP access network (e.g. Wifi access point) then the UE is registered to the same Access Management Function (AMF) i.e. the 3GPP access network and the non-3GPP access network are connected to the same AMF. When the UE is registered to two non-equivalent PLMNs, one over 3GPP access and the other one over non-3GPP access then the UE is registered to two different AMFs i.e. one AMF belongs to a first PLMN and another AMF belongs to a second PLMN. The Registration Management contexts of a UE for a 3GPP access and a non-3GPP access are different.

The UE establishes the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session for emergency service to make emergency call. The UE is considered as attached for emergency services when the UE has only PDU session for emergency service(s) when the UE is registered and in normal service state or in limited service state, or the UE has performed emergency registration procedure successfully. When the UE is registered for emergency service then the UE is not allowed access normal service. It must de-register and register to get a normal service.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

When a UE is registered to a PLMN or to two different PLMNs, one over a 3GPP access and the other one over non-3GPP access and the UE is emergency registered over one of the two access network, in this scenario the UE is not allowed to activate PDU session for normal services i.e. non-emergency service (e.g. IoT, URLCC or browsing) neither over 3GPP access nor over non-3GPP access in accordance with the latest 3GPP specifications. This architecture design restricts user services unnecessarily even though the UE can access the normal services via the other access network than the one used for emergency registered by establishing a non-emergency PDU session without influencing to the emergency service ongoing.

Solution to Problem

A method for a UE according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes performing registration procedure to a second Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) over a second access network for a non-emergency service when the UE is registered for an emergency service to a first PLMN over a first access network, and establishing a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session for the non-emergency service to the second PLMN over the second access network.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates 3GPP and non-3GPP architecture of 5GS when 3GPP access and non-3GPP access connected to the same AMF.

FIG. 2 illustrates 3GPP and non-3GPP architecture of 5GS when 3GPP access and non-3GPP access connected to the different AMF.

FIG. 3 illustrates Home-routed roaming architecture for interworking between 5GS and EPC/E-UTRAN.

FIG. 4 illustrates Procedure to access non-emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

FIG. 5 illustrates Procedure to access non-emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

FIG. 6 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

FIG. 7 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

FIG. 8 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

FIG. 9 illustrates general block diagram for UE.

FIG. 10 illustrates general block diagram for (R)AN.

FIG. 11 illustrates general block diagram for AMF.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905.

5GC 5G Core Network

5GS 5G System

5G-AN 5G Access Network

5G-GUTI 5G Globally Unique Temporary Identifier

5G S-TMSI 5G S-Temporary Mobile Subscription Identifier

5QI 5G QoS Identifier

AF Application Function

AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

AN Access Node

AS Access Stratum

AUSF Authentication Server Function

CP Control Plane

CM Connection Management

DL Downlink

DN Data Network

DNAI DN Access Identifier

DNN Data Network Name

EDT Early Data Transmission

EPS Evolved Packet System

EPC Evolved Packet Core

FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name

GFBR Guaranteed Flow Bit Rate

GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Centre

GMSC Gateway Mobile Services Switching Center

GPSI Generic Public Subscription Identifier

GUAMI Globally Unique AMF Identifier

HR Home Routed (roaming)

I-RNTI I-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

LADN Local Area Data Network

LBO Local Break Out (roaming)

LMF Location Management Function

LRF Location Retrieval Function

MAC Medium Access Control

MFBR Maximum Flow Bit Rate

MICO Mobile Initiated Connection Only

MME Mobility Management Entity

MNRF Mobile Station Not Reachable Flag

MO Mobile Originated

MT Mobile Terminated

N3IWF Non-3GPP Inter Working Function

NAI Network Access Identifier

NAS Non-Access Stratum

NEF Network Exposure Function

NF Network Function

NG-RAN Next Generation Radio Access Network

NR New Radio

NRF Network Repository Function

NSI ID Network Slice Instance Identifier

NSSAI Network Slice Selection Assistance Information

NSSF Network Slice Selection Function

NSSP Network Slice Selection Policy

PCF Policy Control Function

PEI Permanent Equipment Identifier

PER Packet Error Rate

PFD Packet Flow Description

PLMN Public land mobile network

PPD Paging Policy Differentiation

PPI Paging Policy Indicator

PSA PDU Session Anchor

QFI QoS Flow Identifier

QoE Quality of Experience

(R)AN (Radio) Access Network

RLC Radio Link Control

RM Registration Management

RQA Reflective QoS Attribute

RQI Reflective QoS Indication

RRC Radio Resource Control

SA NR Standalone New Radio

SBA Service Based Architecture

SBI Service Based Interface

SD Slice Differentiator

SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol

SEAF Security Anchor Functionality

SEPP Security Edge Protection Proxy

SMF Session Management Function

SMS Short Message Service

SMSF SMS Function

S-NSSAI Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information

SSC Session and Service Continuity

SST Slice/Service Type

SUCI Subscription Concealed Identifier

SUPI Subscription Permanent Identifier

UDM Unified Data Management

UDSF Unstructured Data Storage Function

UL Uplink

UL CL Uplink Classifier

UPF User Plane Function

UDR Unified Data Repository

URSP UE Route Selection Policy

SMS Short Message Service

SMSF SMS Function

(Definitions)

For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in 3GPP TR 21.905, 3GPP TS 24.501 and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 and in 3GPP TS 24.501.

First aspect (Solution 1 solves problematic statement 1)

FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are given as a reference architectures as they are referred by some scenarios that this aspect deals with.

When a UE is emergency registered over one access network then it does not affect the service over another access network.

The outline of this solutions are mentioned below.

1. A UE is emergency registered over a first access network to a PLMN if it has successfully completed initial registration for emergency services over the first access network to the PLMN or if it has only one PDU session established over the first access network which is for emergency services. When the UE is registered for emergency service over the first access network then the UE is not allowed to access a non-emergency service i.e. normal service (e.g. browsing to internet, Internet of Things, Machine to Machine communication for industrial use) over the first access network.

In order for the UE to have non-emergency services, the UE performs de-registration procedure first access network then the UE registers over the first access network to the PLNMN to get a non-emergency service i.e. normal service over the first access network.

2. When the UE is emergency registered over a first access network to a PLMN then it does not affect the normal services over a second access network to the same PLMN or to the non-equivalent PLMN i.e. the UE accesses to the Data Network (DN) providing a non-emergency service or a normal service to the UE over the second access network through the same PLMN to which the UE is registered for emergency service or through another PLMN which is not equivalent to the PLMN to which the UE is registered for emergency service. When the UE is registered for emergency service over the first access network, the UE can take the following actions.

2.1 The UE can perform registration procedure to a PLMN over the second access network for a non-emergency service i.e. normal service. After successful registration procedure the UE establishes a PDU session for non-emergency service to the same PLMN or another PLMN over the second access network. After the PDU session establishment for the non-emergency services the UE transmits and receives data related to this PDU session.

2.2 If the UE is already registered to another PLMN over second access network, then the UE establishes the PDU session for non-emergency service upon the request from upper layer. After the successful establishment of this PDU session the UE can transmit or receive data related to this PDU session.

2.3. If the UE is already registered over the second access network to another PLMN and the UE already has PDU session for non-emergency service over another PLMN then the UE can establishes user plane related to this PDU session. After the PDU session is successfully established then the UE can transmits and receives data related to this PDU session over the user plane.

2.4. The UE shall not perform emergency registration procedure over the second access network. If the AMF receives the Registration request message indicating it as Emergency Registration over the second access network while the UE has been registered for emergency service over the first access network, the

AMF rejects the Registration request message with an appropriate cause value indicating UE that second emergency registration is not allowed.

2.5. The UE may initiates emergency registration over the second access network. This may happen when the UE is moving out of the coverage for the first access network while the second access network becomes available. For example, the UE moves down to the subway station with emergency service over the 3GPP access network and loses the 3GPP access due to lack of 3GPP radio coverage while WiFi as non-3GPP access network becomes available. Or the UE may initiates a brand new Emergency requisition procedure over the second access network. In this case the UE may use explicit NAS information element indicating that this is an independent Emergency registration request in addition to the existing Emergency service.

If the AMF receives the Registration request message indicating it as Emergency Registration over the second access network while the UE has been registered for emergency service over the first access network, the AMF has several options.

Option A: the UE performs PDU Session Establishment procedure for Emergency service with the PDU Session ID that is used for the Emergency service over the first access network in order to move the PDU Session from first access network to second access network. In this case, the Handover of a PDU Session procedure between 3GPP and untrusted non-3GPP access or Handover of a PDU Session procedure from 3GPP to untrusted non-3GPP access (non-roaming and roaming with local breakout) is performed.

Option B: the UE performs PDU Session Establishment procedure for Emergency service without the PDU Session ID that is used for the Emergency service over the first access network. The UE may use explicit NAS information element indicating that this is an independent PDU session establishment request for emergency service. This procedure is used for the scenario where the UE needs to initiate a brand new Emergency service over the second access network. In this case, after successful emergency registration procedure over the second access network, the AMF may initiate the Network-initiated Deregistration procedure to the PDU Session(s) that are over the first access network in order to release them. Or the network i.e. 5GS handles two emergency services one over the first access network and the other one over the second access network at the same time.

The detailed UE behavior when the UE is registered for emergency service to a PLMN over one access network when the UE supports registration to a second PLMN over another access network is given below.

Scenario 1:

FIG. 4 illustrates Procedure to access non-emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

1.1 A UE is registered for an emergency service to a first PLMN over a first Access Network (AN).

1.2 The UE performs registration procedure to a second PLMN over the second access network for a non-emergency service i.e. normal service.

1.3 After successful registration procedure the UE establishes a PDU session for non-emergency services to the second PLMN over the second access network. After the PDU session establishment for the non-emergency services the UE transmits and receives data related to this PDU session. This UE behavior of the step 1.3 may be also denoted as the following descriptions, i.e. the UE establishes the PDU session for non-emergency service to the second PLMN over the second access network, in a case where at least one of the following conditions are met:

(a) the UE supports the first access network (e.g. 3GPP access) and the second network (e.g. Non-3GPP access) and registration to a PLMN or to two different PLMN via the first access network and the second network at the same time,

(b) the UE has registered to the PLMN or to the two different PLMN via the first access network and the second network at the same time.

The UE may also have SMS service or Location service over the Second Access Network.

Scenario 2:

FIG. 5 illustrates Procedure to access non-emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

2.1 A UE is registered for a normal service to a first PLMN over a first Access Network (AN).

2.2 The UE is registered for an emergency service to a second PLMN over a second access network.

2.3. After the UE is registered for emergency service to the second PLMN over the second access network, the UE is still registered to the first PLMN over the first Access network for normal service i.e. the emergency registration to the second PLMN over the second access network does not affect the normal service. The UE is accessing from the first PLMN over the first access network. In this scenario the UE performs following procedure:

2.4 The UE have the following user services as examples.

(1) On request from upper layer, the UE establishes PDU session for normal service to the first PLMN over the first access network and transmits and receive data related to this PDU session.

(2) If a PDU session for a normal service has already been established over to the first PLMN then UE establishes the user plane to this PDU session to receive and transmits data on request from upper layer to establish the user plane for this PDU session.

(3) UE has SMS service or Location service over the first access network.

For both Scenario 1 and 2:

The following cases are valid for both Scenario 1 and 2.

(1) In one example of the scenario 1 and 2, the first PLMN and the second PLMN are same and consists of 5GS. The first access network and second access network are 3GPP access and non-3GPP access. The first access network and second access network are always different type of access network i.e. if the first access network is a 3GPP access then the second access network is a non-3GPP access or if the first access network is a non-3GPP access then the second access network is a 3GPP access. In this case the first access network and the second access network are connected to the same AMF. This architecture is given in the FIG. 1 .

(2) In another example of the scenario 1 and 2, the first PLMN and the second are non-equivalent PLMNs. The first access network and second access network are always different type of access network i.e. if the first access network is a 3GPP access then the second access network is a non-3GPP access or if the first access network is a non-3GPP access then the second access network is a 3GPP access. In this case the first access network and the second access network are connected to two different AMFs (one AMF is the AMF of the first PLMN and second AMF is the AMF of the second PLMN). This architecture is given in the FIG. 2 .

(3) In another example of the scenario 1 and 2, the UE and the network support Dual Registration procedure. The first PLMN and the second PLMN are same or equivalent PLMNs and consists of 5GS and EPS respectively. The first access network is gNB or non-3GPP access connected to AMF and the second access network is ng-eNB or eNB connected to EPC. This architecture is given in FIG. 3 .

(4) If the UE performs deregistration procedure over an access network to the network to which the UE is registered for emergency services then it does not affect the normal services over another access network over which the UE is registered for the normal services i.e. the UE is still registered for normal service over another access network, the UE can establish the PDU session over another access network or some data transfer is ongoing over the another access network then the data transfer continues over another access network.

(5) If the UE is registered to the same AMF over 3GPP access and non-3GPP access (registered for emergency services over one access network and registered for normal services over another access network) then the UE shall not delete common NAS parameters e.g. (5G-GUTI, 5G NAS security context parameters, equivalent PLMN) when the UE performs deregistration procedure over an access network over which the UE is registered for emergency services. The UE keeps using the common parameters over second access network over which the UE is registered for the normal service.

The above step 2.4 may be also denoted as the following descriptions, i.e. the UE have the above user services, in a case where at least one of the following conditions are met:

(a) the UE supports the first access network (e.g. 3GPP access) and the second network (e.g. Non-3GPP access) and registration to a PLMN or to two different PLMN via the first access network and the second network at the same time,

(b) the UE has registered to the PLMN or to the two different PLMN via the first access network and the second network at the same time.

Scenario 3:

FIG. 6 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

3.1 A UE is registered for an emergency service over a first Access Network (AN).

3.1 A UE is registered for an emergency service over a first Access Network (AN).

3.2 The UE sends the Registration request message indicating it as Emergency Registration to the AMF over the second access network.

3.3 The AMF rejects the Registration Request message by sending the Registration Reject message to the UE with cause “Emergency registration is not allowed” or “Emergency registered already”.

When the UE receives the Registration Reject message from the AMF, then the UE shall not sends any Registration request message for Emergency over the second access network until the Emergency service over the first access network ends i.e. the UE detaches from the 5GS for Emergency service over the first access network. However, the UE may send any Registration request message for non-Emergency for normal services over the second access network regardless of a registration status over the first access network.

In case a UE is registered for an emergency service over a first Access Network but no PDU session is established, for example due to network congestion, then the AMF may accept the Registration request message from the UE indicating it as Emergency Registration in order to provide an Emergency service to the UE over the second access network. If the Emergency Registration procedure is successful and associated PDU sessions has been established over the second access network, then the AMF may initiate the Network-initiated Deregistration procedure to the UE over the first access network.

Scenario 4:

FIG. 7 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

Although the FIG. 7 has only one AMF shown as the common AMF for both access networks, this scenario is also valid to a situation where there are two AMFs involved, one AMF for an emergency service attached over a first Access

Network and the other AMF for an emergency service attached over a second access Network.

4.1 A UE is registered for an emergency service over a first Access Network (AN). The UE establishes a PDU session(s) for an emergency service over the first Access Network.

4.2 UE is registered for an emergency service over a second Access Network (AN) after successful Emergency Registration procedure to the same PLMN over a first Access Network. The UE does not have a PDU session(s) for an emergency service(s).

4.3 After successful registration procedure the UE establishes a PDU session for emergency service over the second access network. The UE may establish the same PDU session(s) with the PDU session(s) over the first access network so that all sessions can be transferred to the PDU session(s) over the second access network.

4.4 Handover of a PDU Session procedure from the First access network to the Second access network takes place. This procedure can be either the Handover of a PDU Session procedure between 3GPP and untrusted non-3GPP access or the Handover of a PDU Session procedure from 3GPP to untrusted non-3GPP access (non-roaming and roaming with local breakout) as described in the 3GPP TS 23.502.

All or some Emergency service can be transferred to new PDU session(s) over the second access network so that emergency service can be continues even the UE loses the radio contact to the 5GS over the first access network.

Scenario 5:

FIG. 8 illustrates Procedure to access emergency service over another access network when the UE is emergency registered over another access network.

Although the FIG. 8 has only one AMF shown as the common AMF for both access networks, this scenario is also valid to a situation where there are two

AMFs involved, one AMF for an emergency service attached over a first Access Network and the other AMF for an emergency service attached over a second access Network.

5.1 A UE is registered for an emergency service over a first Access Network (AN).

5.2 UE is registered for an emergency service over a second Access Network (AN) after successful Emergency Registration procedure to the same PLMN over a second Access Network.

5.3 After successful registration procedure the UE establishes a PDU session for emergency service over the second access network.

5.4 The AMF may initiate the Network-initiated PDU session release procedure to the PDU Session(s) that are over the first access network to release them. Or the network i.e. 5GS handles two emergency services one over the first access network and the other one over the second access network at the same time.

Scenario 4 and 5 applies to the scenario described in FIG. 1, 2 or 3 . User equipment (UE)

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating the main components of the UE (100). As shown, the UE (100) includes a transceiver circuit (103) which is operable to transmit signals to and to receive signals from the connected node(s) via one or more antenna (104). Although not necessarily shown in FIG. 9 , the UE will of course have all the usual functionality of a conventional mobile device (such as a user interface (102)) and this may be provided by any one or any combination of hardware, software and firmware, as appropriate. Software may be pre-installed in the memory and/or may be downloaded via the telecommunication network or from a removable data storage device (RMD), for example.

A controller (101) controls the operation of the UE (100) in accordance with software stored in a memory (105). The software includes, among other things, an operating system and a communications control module (106) having at least a transceiver control module (107). The communications control module (106) (using its transceiver control sub-module) is responsible for handling (generating/sending/receiving) signalling and uplink/downlink data packets between the UE (100) and other nodes, such as the base station/(R)AN node, the MME, the AMF (and other core network nodes). Such signalling may include, for example, appropriately formatted signalling messages relating to connection establishment and maintenance (e.g. RRC connection establishment and other RRC messages), periodic location update related messages (e.g. tracking area update, paging area updates, location area update) etc. Such signalling may also include, for example, broadcast information (e.g. Master Information and System information) in a receiving case.

(R)AN Node

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating the main components of an exemplary (R)AN node (200), for example a base station (‘eNB’ in LTE, ‘gNB’ in 5G) or an access point (e.g. wifi AP). As shown, the (R)AN node (200) includes a transceiver circuit (203) which is operable to transmit signals to and to receive signals from connected UE(s) via one or more antenna (204) and to transmit signals to and to receive signals from other network nodes (either directly or indirectly) via a network interface (202). A controller (201) controls the operation of the (R)AN node (200) in accordance with software stored in a memory (205). Software may be pre-installed in the memory (205) and/or may be downloaded via the telecommunication network or from a removable data storage device (RMD), for example. The software includes, among other things, an operating system and a communications control module (206) having at least a transceiver control module (207).

The communications control module (207) (using its transceiver control sub-module) is responsible for handling (generating/sending/receiving) signalling between the (R)AN node (200) and other nodes, such as the UE, the MME, the AMF(e.g. directly or indirectly). The signalling may include, for example, appropriately formatted signalling messages relating to a radio connection and location procedures (for a particular UE), and in particular, relating to connection establishment and maintenance (e.g. RRC connection establishment and other RRC messages), periodic location update related messages (e.g. tracking area update, paging area updates, location area update), S1 AP messages and NG AP messages (i.e. messages by N2 reference point), etc. Such signalling may also include, for example, broadcast information (e.g. Master Information and System information) in a sending case.

The controller (201) is also configured (by software or hardware) to handle related tasks such as, when implemented, UE mobility estimate and/or moving trajectory estimation.

AMF

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the main components of the AMF (300). The AMF (300) is included in the 5GC. As shown, the AMF (300) includes a transceiver circuit (303) which is operable to transmit signals to and to receive signals from other nodes (including the UE) via a network interface (302). A controller (301) controls the operation of the AMF (300) in accordance with software stored in a memory (304). Software may be pre-installed in the memory (304) and/or may be downloaded via the telecommunication network or from a removable data storage device (RMD), for example. The software includes, among other things, an operating system and a communications control module (305) having at least a transceiver control module (306).

The communications control module (305) (using its transceiver control sub-module) is responsible for handling (generating/sending/receiving) signalling between the AMF (300) and other nodes, such as the UE, base station/(R)AN node (e.g. “gNB” or “eNB”) (directly or indirectly). Such signalling may include, for example, appropriately formatted signalling messages relating to the procedures described herein, for example, NG AP message (i.e. a message by N2 reference point) to convey an NAS message from and to the UE, etc.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   100 UE -   101 controller -   102 user interface -   103 transceiver circuit -   104 antenna -   105 memory -   106 communication control module -   107 transceiver control module -   200 (R)AN node -   201 controller -   202 network interface -   203 transceiver circuit -   204 antenna -   205 memory -   206 communication control module -   207 transceiver control module -   300 AMF -   301 controller -   302 network interface -   303 transceiver circuit -   304 memory -   305 communication control module -   306 transceiver control module 

1. A method of a User Equipment (UE), the method comprising: performing registration procedure to a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) over a second access network through an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), in a case where the UE is registered through the AMF for an emergency service to the PLMN over a first access network; and transferring a PDU session for the emergency service from the first access network to the second access network.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the first access network and the second access network is a 3GPP access network, and the other of the first access network and the second access network is a non-3GPP access network.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transferring the PDU session includes performing handover of the PDU session.
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a PDU session ID of the PDU session for the emergency service is same in the first access network and the second access network.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the same PDU session ID of the PDU session for the emergency service is used in the first access network and the second access network.
 6. A User Equipment (UE) comprising: at least one memory configured to storing instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to: perform registration procedure to a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) over a second access network through an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), in a case where the UE is registered through the AMF for an emergency service to the PLMN over a first access network; and transfer a PDU session for the emergency service from the first access network to the second access network.
 7. The UE according to claim 6, wherein one of the first access network and the second access network is a 3GPP access network, and the other of the first access network and the second access network is a non-3GPP access network.
 8. The UE according to claim 6, wherein the at least one processor is configured to performing handover of the PDU session to transfer the PDU session.
 9. The UE according to claim 6, wherein a PDU session ID of the PDU session for the emergency service is same in the first access network and the second access network.
 10. The UE according to claim 6, wherein the same PDU session ID of the PDU session for the emergency service is used in the first access network and the second access network. 